Healthyr-U | Magnesium for muscle function and stress relief
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Misbah Wasi

Functional Nutrition Specialist, Scientific & Regulatory Advisor for Health Supplements

Misbah Wasi is a seasoned professional in the field of Nutrition Science and Food Regulation for over 15 years. Currently, she is lendin her expertise in the area of Health Supplements and Nutraceuticals and is an active member of the Standards Review Group (SRG) - Nutraceuticals FSSAI Ms. Wasi is a post-graduate in Food and Nutrition. Certified Lead Food Safety Management Systems Auditor (FSMS, FSSC 22000) and a certified FoSTaC traine for Health Supplements and Nutraceuticals. She is also a Subject Matter Expert for ‘Food Regulations in India’ for IFLR (International Food Laws and Regulations) course at Michigan State University.

Magnesium: The Mineral for Muscle Function and Stress Relief

Magnesium is a fundamental mineral that plays a pivotal role in maintaining various physiological functions, including muscle health, stress management, and sleep regulation. Despite its importance, many people overlook their magnesium intake, often resulting in muscle cramps, fatigue, and heightened stress levels. 


This blog is about examining the scientific benefits of magnesium, focusing on how it supports muscle function and stress relief, and why magnesium supplements like magnesium bisglycinate can be a reliable option for maintaining optimal health.


What is Magnesium and Why Does it Matter?

Magnesium is a mineral essentially required by everyone. Our body utilizes it to perform more than 300 enzymatic reactions. It regulates critical processes such as nerve signalling, muscle contraction, and energy production1. However, modern dietary patterns often fall short of meeting magnesium needs, leading to deficiencies. This is concerning because inadequate magnesium levels can result in muscle pain, muscle cramps, poor sleep, and increased stress.


A growing body of research links magnesium intake with improved physical and mental well-being. From aiding muscle relaxation to supporting better stress and anxiety relief, magnesium supplementation is emerging as an effective strategy for maintaining health.



Magnesium for Muscle Health: Why is it Essential?

Magnesium is central to healthy muscle function. When the body lacks sufficient magnesium, calcium can build up inside muscle cells, causing spasms, tightness, or painful contractions10. Here’s a deeper look at how magnesium contributes to muscle health:

      • Prevents muscle cramps and spasms:

Athletes, individuals with active lifestyles, and even older adults often suffer from muscle cramps due to magnesium deficiency. Supplementing with magnesium can ease this discomfort by ensuring smooth muscle contractions2.

• Relieves muscle pain and soreness:

Magnesium for muscle pain works by reducing lactic acid accumulation, which is a common cause of post-exercise soreness and fatigue3.

• Improves recovery time:

Athletes taking magnesium for muscle cramps report faster recovery4, which is crucial for maintaining peak physical performance.


Why Does Magnesium Bisglycinate Stands Out for Muscle Function?

Magnesium bisglycinate, a chelated form of magnesium, binds the mineral to glycine, enhancing absorption and reducing digestive discomfort5. This makes it ideal for individuals with sensitive stomachs who want to use magnesium for muscles and recovery.


Stress Relief and Magnesium: A Natural Calming Agent

Chronic stress is a common issue these days, impacting both mental and physical well-being. Magnesium plays a significant role in stress management by regulating neurotransmitter function, particularly gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)6. GABA promotes relaxation, helping the brain and body stay calm during stressful situations11.

• Magnesium relaxes the body and mind:

Taking magnesium can reduce feelings of tension, which makes it a valuable addition to stress and anxiety relief strategies7.

• Reduces cortisol levels:

Magnesium influences cortisol, the body’s primary stress hormone, lowering its levels to promote a more balanced response to stress8.

• Improves resilience:

Those with low magnesium levels tend to experience exaggerated stress responses. Regular magnesium intake can help maintain emotional balance, even in challenging situations.11


If you are looking for ways to relieve stress, incorporating magnesium into your routine may support long-term emotional stability and mental clarity.


Magnesium and Sleep: Unlocking Restful Nights

Poor sleep quality can significantly impact your health, leading to fatigue, mood disturbances, and reduced productivity. Magnesium has become increasingly popular as a natural aid for improving sleep. Research shows that magnesium helps the body relax by regulating melatonin, the hormone responsible for the sleep-wake cycle12.

• Promotes relaxation before sleep:

Magnesium for sleep works by relaxing the nervous system, making it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep through the night.

• Supports restful sleep:

Individuals with insomnia or restless leg syndrome benefit from magnesium's ability to reduce muscle tension.

• Prepares the body for recovery:

When taken in the evening, magnesium encourages muscle repair during deep sleep13, which is crucial for physical recovery and immune function.


For optimal results, pairing magnesium bisglycinate with an evening wind-down routine can significantly improve sleep quality and help you wake up feeling refreshed.


Key Dietary Sources of Magnesium

While magnesium supplements are effective, it is equally important to incorporate magnesium-rich foods into your diet. Here are some of the top sources:

• Leafy greens:

Spinach, kale, and mustard leaves

• Nuts and seeds:

Almonds, cashews, and pumpkin seeds

• Legumes:

Lentils, beans, and chickpeas

• Whole grains:

Whole grains, quinoa, and oats

• Fish:

Salmon, mackerel, and tuna


Despite efforts to eat healthily, many people still struggle to meet their daily magnesium needs through food alone, particularly athletes or individuals under chronic stress. In these cases, magnesium supplementation becomes essential.


When and How to Take Magnesium Supplements?

Integrating magnesium supplements into your routine requires some planning to achieve the desired benefits. Here are some tips:

• For muscle cramps or soreness:

Take magnesium post-exercise to reduce cramping and support muscle recovery14.

• For better sleep:

Consume magnesium about 30-60 minutes before bedtime to help relax the body15.

• For stress relief:

Magnesium can be taken in the morning or during stressful periods to manage anxiety throughout the day16.


While magnesium supplements are generally safe, those with pre-existing medical conditions or individuals on medication should consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.


How much Magnesium do you need?

The daily requirement of magnesium for men and women are different. As per ICMR 2020, it is 400 mg for adult men and 370 mg for adult women. However, the requirement for women increases during pregnancy and lactation, and ranges between 400-440 mg daily9.


Conclusion

Magnesium plays an indispensable role in maintaining muscle function, promoting stress relief, and ensuring quality sleep. Whether you are looking for ways to relieve stress, manage muscle cramps, or support overall muscle health, magnesium can make a significant difference.


Among the various forms available, magnesium bisglycinate stands out for its superior absorption and minimal side effects, making it ideal for everyday use17. Incorporating magnesium through both food and supplements ensures your body and mind function at their best, helping you stay active, relaxed, and well-rested.


Maintaining optimal magnesium levels isn’t just about avoiding deficiency, it is about unlocking your full potential for physical performance, emotional well-being, and restorative sleep. Whether you need magnesium for muscle pain or magnesium for sleep, this essential mineral can support your journey toward a healthier, more balanced life.


References

  1. Alawi, A. M. A., Majoni, S. W., & Falhammar, H. (2018). Magnesium and Human Health: Perspectives and research Directions. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2018, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9041694

  2. Moretti, A. (2021). What is the role of magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8020016/

  3. Reno, A. M., Green, M., Killen, L. G., O’Neal, E. K., Pritchett, K., & Hanson, Z. (2020). Effects of magnesium supplementation on muscle soreness and performance. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(8), 2198–2203. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000003827

  4. Tarsitano, M. G., Quinzi, F., Folino, K., Greco, F., Oranges, F. P., Cerulli, C., & Pietro Emerenziani, G. (2024). Effects of magnesium supplementation on muscle soreness in different type of physical activities: a systematic review. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05434-x

  5. Uberti, F., Morsanuto, V., Ruga, S., Galla, R., Farghali, M., Notte, F., Bozzo, C., Magnani, C., Nardone, A., & Molinari, C. (2020). Study of magnesium formulations on intestinal cells to influence myometrium cell relaxation. Nutrients, 12(2), 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020573

  6. Papadopol, V., & Nechifor, M. (2011). Magnesium in neuroses and neuroticism. Magnesium in the Central Nervous System - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507254/

  7. Pickering, G., Mazur, A., Trousselard, M., Bienkowski, P., Yaltsewa, N., Amessou, M., Noah, L., & Pouteau, E. (2020). Magnesium Status and Stress: The Vicious Circle Concept revisited. Nutrients, 12(12), 3672. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123672

  8. Schutten, J. C., Joris, P. J., Minović, I., Post, A., Van Beek, A. P., De Borst, M. H., Mensink, R. P., & Bakker, S. J. L. (2020). Long‐term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post‐hoc analysis of an intervention trial. Clinical Endocrinology, 94(2), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14350

  9. https://fssai.gov.in/upload/advisories/2023/07/64ae49674ddb3Direction%20_regarding_extension%20of%20time-period%20for%20the%20compliance%20of%20RDA%202020_organized.pdf

  10. Altura BM, Altura BT. Tension headaches and muscle tension: is there a role for magnesium?. Medical hypotheses. 2001 Dec 1;57(6):705-13.

  11. Pickering G, Mazur A, Trousselard M, Bienkowski P, Yaltsewa N, Amessou M, Noah L, Pouteau E. Magnesium Status and Stress: The Vicious Circle Concept Revisited. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 28;12(12):3672. doi: 10.3390/nu12123672. PMID: 33260549; PMCID: PMC7761127.

  12. Abbasi B, Kimiagar M, Sadeghniiat K, Shirazi MM, Hedayati M, Rashidkhani B. The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2012 Dec;17(12):1161-9. PMID: 23853635; PMCID: PMC3703169.

  13. Doherty R. Sleep, nutrition and recovery in athletes. University of Northumbria at Newcastle (United Kingdom); 2021. https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/49224/1/doherty.ronan_phd_06017552.pdf

  14. Kharait, S. (2022). A Magnesium-Rich electrolyte hydration mix reduces exercise associated muscle cramps in Half-Marathon runners. Journal of Exercise and Nutrition, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.53520/jen2022.103126

  15. Arab, A., Rafie, N., Amani, R., & Shirani, F. (2022b). The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: a Systematic Review of Available Literature. Biological Trace Element Research, 201(1), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03162-1

  16. Boyle, N. B., Lawton, C., & Dye, L. (2017). The Effects of Magnesium Supplementation On Subjective Anxiety and Stress—A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 9(5), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050429

  17. Uberti, F., Morsanuto, V., Ruga, S., Galla, R., Farghali, M., Notte, F., Bozzo, C., Magnani, C., Nardone, A., & Molinari, C. (2020b). Study of magnesium formulations on intestinal cells to influence myometrium cell relaxation. Nutrients, 12(2), 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020573
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